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Life, Death and Apartments

There is a version of the housing market story that gets told over and over, and it goes like this: prices are high, rates are high, nothing is affordable, and the only people buying are the ones with cash. That version is not wrong, exactly. It is just incomplete.

The arithmetic here is brutal and worth understanding clearly. A buyer who financed a $400,000 home at three percent in 2021 pays roughly $1,686 per month on principal and interest. That same loan at a seven percent rate costs $2,661. That gap of nearly a thousand dollars a month is why transaction volume has fallen to levels not seen in decades. Volume collapsed. Prices mostly did not.

Affordability, by the standard measure of what share of median household income goes toward the monthly payment on a median-priced home, is near its worst level since the early 1980s. That is a real problem, and it is not going away quickly. A market can stay unaffordable for longer than most buyers expect to wait. What it means, practically, is that the buyer who can close confidently has more leverage than the headline numbers suggest.

Shop multiple loan officers to compare rates and fees. A quarter-point difference in your interest rate adds up to tens of thousands of dollars over the life of most home loans. Lender fees vary too. Ask each lender for a Loan Estimate document, which breaks down all costs in a standardized format.

The appraisal is the lender’s check, not yours. A low appraisal means the buyer has to make up the gap in cash, renegotiate, or cancel. Ask your agent how common appraisal gaps have been in your target price range and neighborhood.

Budget two to four percent of the purchase price for closing costs, on top of your down payment. First-time buyers routinely underestimate this number. Ask your lender for a Loan Estimate as early in the process as possible.

For buyers with a real reason to be in a specific place for the foreseeable future, this market is more navigable than the headlines suggest. The homes that are priced correctly for current conditions are still moving. They are going to the people who did the homework before they started looking at listings.

Buyers who take the time to prepare before they start looking tend to find that there are still good properties available at realistic prices. A quick look at up-to-date property listings will tell you more about your local market than most of what you read in national coverage.